一、MySQL自帶的壓力測試工具 Mysqlslap

mysqlslap是mysql自帶的基準(zhǔn)測試工具,該工具查詢數(shù)據(jù),語法簡單,靈活容易使用.該工具可以模擬多個(gè)客戶端同時(shí)并發(fā)的向服務(wù)器發(fā)出查詢更新,給出了性能測試數(shù)據(jù)而且提供了多種引擎的性能比較。mysqlslap為mysql性能優(yōu)化前后提供了直觀的驗(yàn)證依據(jù),系統(tǒng)運(yùn)維和DBA人員應(yīng)該掌握一些常見的壓力測試工具,才能準(zhǔn)確的掌握線上數(shù)據(jù)庫支撐的用戶流量上限及其抗壓性等問題。

1、更改其默認(rèn)的最大連接數(shù)

在對MySQL進(jìn)行壓力測試之前，需要更改其默認(rèn)的最大連接數(shù)，如下：

[root@mysql ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf................[mysqld]max_connections=1024[root@mysql ~]# systemctl restart mysqld`查看最大連接數(shù)`mysql> show variables like ’max_connections’;+-----------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+-----------------+-------+| max_connections | 1024 |+-----------------+--------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

進(jìn)行壓力測試：

[root@mysql ~]# mysqlslap --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --concurrency=100,200 --iterations=1 --number-int-cols=20 --number-char-cols=30 --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --auto-generate-sql-load-type=mixed --engine=myisam,innodb --number-of-queries=2000 -uroot -p123 --verbose

上述命令測試說明：模擬測試兩次讀寫并發(fā)，第一次100，第二次200，自動(dòng)生成SQL腳本，測試表包含20個(gè)init字段，30個(gè)char字段，每次執(zhí)行2000查詢請求。測試引擎分別是myisam，innodb。（上述選項(xiàng)中有很多都是默認(rèn)值，可以省略，如果想要了解各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的解釋，可以使用mysqlslap --help進(jìn)行查詢）。

測試結(jié)果說明：

Myisam第一次100客戶端同時(shí)發(fā)起增查用0.557/s,第二次200客戶端同時(shí)發(fā)起增查用0.522/s Innodb第一次100客戶端同時(shí)發(fā)起增查用0.256/s,第二次200客戶端同時(shí)發(fā)起增查用0.303/s

可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需求，一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的加大并發(fā)數(shù)量進(jìn)行壓力測試。

二、使用第三方sysbench工具進(jìn)行壓力測試

1、安裝sysbench工具

[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install epel-release #安裝第三方epel源[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install sysbench #安裝sysbench工具[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --version #確定工具已安裝sysbench 1.0.17

sysbench可以進(jìn)行以下測試：

CPU 運(yùn)算性能測試 磁盤 IO 性能測試 調(diào)度程序性能測試 內(nèi)存分配及傳輸速度測試 POSIX 線程性能測試

數(shù)據(jù)庫性能測試（OLTP 基準(zhǔn)測試，需要通過 /usr/share/sysbench/ 目錄中的 Lua 腳本執(zhí)行，例如 oltp_read_only.lua 腳本執(zhí)行只讀測試）。

sysbench 還可以通過運(yùn)行命令時(shí)指定自己的 Lua 腳本來自定義測試。

2、查看sysbench工具的幫助選項(xiàng)

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --helpUsage:sysbench [options]... [testname] [command]Commands implemented by most tests: prepare run cleanup help # 可用的命令，四個(gè)General options: # 通用選項(xiàng)--threads=N 要使用的線程數(shù)，默認(rèn) 1 個(gè) [1]--events=N 最大允許的事件個(gè)數(shù) [0]--time=N 最大的總執(zhí)行時(shí)間，以秒為單位 [10]--forced-shutdown=STRING 在 --time 時(shí)間限制到達(dá)后，強(qiáng)制關(guān)閉之前等待的秒數(shù)，默認(rèn)“off”禁用（number of seconds to wait after the --time limit before forcing shutdown, or ’off’ to disable） [off]--thread-stack-size=SIZE 每個(gè)線程的堆棧大小 [64K]--rate=N 平均傳輸速率。0 則無限制 [0]--report-interval=N 以秒為單位定期報(bào)告具有指定間隔的中間統(tǒng)計(jì)信息 0 禁用中間報(bào)告 [0]--report-checkpoints=[LIST,...] 轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)完整的統(tǒng)計(jì)信息并在指定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)重置所有計(jì)數(shù)器。參數(shù)是一個(gè)逗號(hào)分隔的值列表，表示從測試開始經(jīng)過這個(gè)時(shí)間量時(shí)必須執(zhí)行報(bào)告檢查點(diǎn)（以秒為單位）。報(bào)告檢查點(diǎn)默認(rèn)關(guān)閉。 []--debug[=on|off] 打印更多 debug 信息 [off]--validate[=on|off] 盡可能執(zhí)行驗(yàn)證檢查 [off]--help[=on|off] 顯示幫助信息并退出 [off]--version[=on|off] 顯示版本信息并退出 [off]--config-file=FILENAME 包含命令行選項(xiàng)的文件--tx-rate=N 廢棄，改用 --rate [0]--max-requests=N 廢棄，改用 --events [0]--max-time=N 廢棄，改用 --time [0]--num-threads=N 廢棄，改用 --threads [1]Pseudo-Random Numbers Generator options: # 偽隨機(jī)數(shù)發(fā)生器選項(xiàng)--rand-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special,pareto} [special]--rand-spec-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12]--rand-spec-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as ’special’ (for special distribution) [1]--rand-spec-res=N percentage of ’special’ values to use (for special distribution) [75]--rand-seed=N seed for random number generator. When 0, the current time is used as a RNG seed. [0]--rand-pareto-h=N parameter h for pareto distribution [0.2]Log options: # 日志選項(xiàng)--verbosity=N verbosity level {5 - debug, 0 - only critical messages} [3]--percentile=N percentile to calculate in latency statistics (1-100). Use the special value of 0 to disable percentile calculations [95]--histogram[=on|off] print latency histogram in report [off]General database options: # 通用的數(shù)據(jù)庫選項(xiàng)--db-driver=STRING 指定要使用的數(shù)據(jù)庫驅(qū)動(dòng)程序 (’help’ to get list of available drivers)--db-ps-mode=STRING prepared statements usage mode {auto, disable} [auto]--db-debug[=on|off] print database-specific debug information [off]Compiled-in database drivers: # ?冉ǖ氖?菘馇??絳潁??現(xiàn)С?nbsp;MySQL 和 PostgreSQLmysql - MySQL driverpgsql - PostgreSQL drivermysql options: # MySQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫專用選項(xiàng)--mysql-host=[LIST,...] MySQL server host [localhost]--mysql-port=[LIST,...] MySQL server port [3306]--mysql-socket=[LIST,...] MySQL socket--mysql-user=STRING MySQL user [sbtest]--mysql-password=STRING MySQL password []--mysql-db=STRING MySQL database name [sbtest]--mysql-ssl[=on|off] use SSL connections, if available in the client library [off]--mysql-ssl-cipher=STRING use specific cipher for SSL connections []--mysql-compression[=on|off] use compression, if available in the client library [off]--mysql-debug[=on|off] trace all client library calls [off]--mysql-ignore-errors=[LIST,...] list of errors to ignore, or 'all' [1213,1020,1205]--mysql-dry-run[=on|off] Dry run, pretend that all MySQL client API calls are successful without executing them [off]pgsql options: # PostgreSQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫專用選項(xiàng)--pgsql-host=STRING PostgreSQL server host [localhost]--pgsql-port=N PostgreSQL server port [5432]--pgsql-user=STRING PostgreSQL user [sbtest]--pgsql-password=STRING PostgreSQL password []--pgsql-db=STRING PostgreSQL database name [sbtest]Compiled-in tests: # ?冉ú饈岳嘈fileio - File I/O testcpu - CPU performance testmemory - Memory functions speed testthreads - Threads subsystem performance testmutex - Mutex performance testSee ’sysbench <testname> help’ for a list of options for each test.

3、sysbench測試MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫性能

1）準(zhǔn)備測試數(shù)據(jù)

#查看sysbench自帶的lua腳本使用方法[root@mysql ~]# sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua help#必須創(chuàng)建sbtest庫，sbtest是sysbench默認(rèn)使用的庫名[root@mysql ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123 create sbtest;#然后，準(zhǔn)備測試所用的表，這些測試表放在測試庫sbtest中。這里使用的lua腳本為/usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua。[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=123 /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua --tables=10 --table_size=100000 prepare#其中--tables=10表示創(chuàng)建10個(gè)測試表，#--table_size=100000表示每個(gè)表中插入10W行數(shù)據(jù)，#prepare表示這是準(zhǔn)備數(shù)的過程。

2）確認(rèn)測試數(shù)據(jù)以存在

[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -p123 sbtest; #登錄到sbtest庫mysql> show tables; #查看相應(yīng)的表+------------------+| Tables_in_sbtest |+------------------+| sbtest1 || sbtest10 || sbtest2 || sbtest3 || sbtest4 || sbtest5 || sbtest6 || sbtest7 || sbtest8 || sbtest9 |+------------------+10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from sbtest1; #隨機(jī)選擇一個(gè)表，確認(rèn)其有100000條數(shù)據(jù)+----------+| count(*) |+----------+| 100000 |+----------+1 row in set (0.01 sec)

3）數(shù)據(jù)庫測試和結(jié)果分析

稍微修改下之前準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù)的語句，就可以拿來測試了。需要注意的是，之前使用的lua腳本為oltp_common.lua，它是一個(gè)通用腳本，是被其它lua腳本調(diào)用的，它不能直接拿來測試。

所以，我這里用oltp_read_write.lua腳本來做讀、寫測試。還有很多其它類型的測試，比如只讀測試、只寫測試、刪除測試、大批量插入測試等等。可找到對應(yīng)的lua腳本進(jìn)行調(diào)用即可。

#執(zhí)行測試命令如下：[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --threads=4 --time=20 --report-interval=5 --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=123 /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --tables=10 --table_size=100000 run

上述命令返回的結(jié)果如下：

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --threads=4 --time=20 --report-interval=5 --mysql-host=127.0.0.1 --mysql-port=3306 --mysql-user=root --mysql-password=123 /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --tables=10 --table_size=100000 runsysbench 1.0.17 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4)Running the test with following options:Number of threads: 4Report intermediate results every 5 second(s)Initializing random number generator from current timeInitializing worker threads...Threads started!#以下是每5秒返回一次的結(jié)果，統(tǒng)計(jì)的指標(biāo)包括：# 線程數(shù)、tps(每秒事務(wù)數(shù))、qps(每秒查詢數(shù))、# 每秒的讀/寫/其它次數(shù)、延遲、每秒錯(cuò)誤數(shù)、每秒重連次數(shù)[ 5s ] thds: 4 tps: 1040.21 qps: 20815.65 (r/w/o: 14573.17/4161.25/2081.22) lat (ms,95%): 7.17 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00[ 10s ] thds: 4 tps: 1083.34 qps: 21667.15 (r/w/o: 15165.93/4334.55/2166.68) lat (ms,95%): 6.55 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00[ 15s ] thds: 4 tps: 1121.57 qps: 22429.09 (r/w/o: 15700.64/4485.30/2243.15) lat (ms,95%): 6.55 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00[ 20s ] thds: 4 tps: 1141.69 qps: 22831.98 (r/w/o: 15982.65/4566.16/2283.18) lat (ms,95%): 6.09 err/s: 0.00 reconn/s: 0.00SQL statistics:queries performed:read: 307146 # 執(zhí)行的讀操作數(shù)量write: 87756 # 執(zhí)行的寫操作數(shù)量other: 43878 # 執(zhí)行的其它操作數(shù)量total: 438780transactions: 21939 (1096.57 per sec.) # 執(zhí)行事務(wù)的平均速率queries: 438780 (21931.37 per sec.) # 平均每秒能執(zhí)行多少次查詢ignored errors: 0 (0.00 per sec.)reconnects: 0 (0.00 per sec.)General statistics:total time: 20.0055s # 總消耗時(shí)間total number of events: 21939 # 總請求數(shù)量(讀、寫、其它)Latency (ms):min: 1.39avg: 3.64max: 192.0595th percentile: 6.67 # 采樣計(jì)算的平均延遲sum: 79964.26Threads fairness:events (avg/stddev): 5484.7500/15.12execution time (avg/stddev): 19.9911/0.00

4、cpu/io/內(nèi)存等測試

sysbench內(nèi)置的幾個(gè)測試指標(biāo)如下：

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --help.......... # 省略部分內(nèi)容Compiled-in tests:fileio - File I/O testcpu - CPU performance testmemory - Memory functions speed testthreads - Threads subsystem performance testmutex - Mutex performance test

可以直接help輸出測試方法，例如，fileio測試：

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench fileio helpsysbench 1.0.17 (using system LuaJIT 2.0.4)fileio options:--file-num=N number of files to create [128]--file-block-size=N block size to use in all IO operations [16384]--file-total-size=SIZE total size of files to create [2G]--file-test-mode=STRING test mode {seqwr, seqrewr, seqrd, rndrd, rndwr, rndrw}--file-io-mode=STRING file operations mode {sync,async,mmap} [sync]--file-async-backlog=N number of asynchronous operatons to queue per thread [128]--file-extra-flags=[LIST,...] list of additional flags to use to open files {sync,dsync,direct} []--file-fsync-freq=N do fsync() after this number of requests (0 - don’t use fsync()) [100]--file-fsync-all[=on|off] do fsync() after each write operation [off]--file-fsync-end[=on|off] do fsync() at the end of test [on]--file-fsync-mode=STRING which method to use for synchronization {fsync, fdatasync} [fsync]--file-merged-requests=N merge at most this number of IO requests if possible (0 - don’t merge) [0]--file-rw-ratio=N reads/writes ratio for combined test [1.5]

1）測試io性能

例如，創(chuàng)建5個(gè)文件，總共2G，每個(gè)文件大概400M。

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench fileio --file-num=5 --file-total-size=2G prepare[root@mysql ~]# ll -lh test*-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.0-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.1-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.2-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.3-rw------- 1 root root 410M May 26 16:05 test_file.4

然后運(yùn)行測試：

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench --events=5000 --threads=16 fileio --file-num=5 --file-total-size=2G --file-test-mode=rndrw --file-fsync-freq=0 --file-block-size=16384 run

返回的結(jié)果如下：

Running the test with following options:Number of threads: 16Initializing random number generator from current timeExtra file open flags: (none)5 files, 409.6MiB each2GiB total file sizeBlock size 16KiBNumber of IO requests: 5000Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.Using synchronous I/O modeDoing random r/w testInitializing worker threads...Threads started!File operations:reads/s: 9899.03writes/s: 6621.38fsyncs/s: 264.33Throughput: # 吞吐量read, MiB/s: 154.66 #表示讀帶寬written, MiB/s: 103.46 #表示寫的帶寬General statistics:total time: 0.3014stotal number of events: 5000Latency (ms):min: 0.00avg: 0.81max: 53.5695th percentile: 4.10sum: 4030.48Threads fairness:events (avg/stddev): 312.5000/27.64execution time (avg/stddev): 0.2519/0.02

2）測試cpu性能

[root@mysql ~]# sysbench cpu --threads=40 --events=10000 --cpu-max-prime=20000 run

壓測時(shí)，還請小心謹(jǐn)慎！！！！

以上就是MySQL壓力測試工具M(jìn)ysqlslap的使用的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于Mysqlslap的使用的資料請關(guān)注好吧啦網(wǎng)其它相關(guān)文章！