目錄正文Envrionment 獲取外部配置修改Spring默認配置文件名稱Value注解配置來源外部化配置文件優先級問題Autowire注入ConfigurableEnvrionmentApplicationInitialiazer 配置總結正文Envrionment 獲取外部配置

@Log4j2@SpringBootApplicationpublic class ConfigurationApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ConfigurationApplication.class, args); } @Bean ApplicationRunner applicationRunner(Environment environment){return args -> { log.info('user.name : {}',environment.getProperty('user.name'));}; }}修改Spring默認配置文件名稱

啟動程序參數中加入如下配置：

--spring.config.name=appValue注解配置來源

配置文件

@BeanApplicationRunner applicationRunner(Environment environment, @Value('${greeting.message:hello boy}') String message){ return args -> { log.info('from application.properties user.name : {}',environment.getProperty('user.name')); log.info('from application.properties greeting.message : {}',message); };}

默認值

value注解通過冒號來配置默認值：

@Value('${greeting.message:hello boy}')

獲取環境變量值

獲取程序參數值

外部化配置文件優先級問題

如果有application.properties在springboot 啟動jar包同一目錄，會優先讀取這個文件中的配置。

Autowire注入ConfigurableEnvrionment

public static void main(String[] args) {new SpringApplicationBuilder().sources(ConfigurationApplication.class).run(args);}@Autowiredvoid getConfigurableEnvrionment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) { environment.getPropertySources().addLast(new MyPropertySource());}ApplicationInitialiazer 配置

public static void main(String[] args) {new SpringApplicationBuilder().sources(ConfigurationApplication.class).initializers(applicationContext -> applicationContext.getEnvironment().getPropertySources().addLast(new MyPropertySource())).run(args); }static class MyPropertySource extends PropertySource<String>{ public MyPropertySource() { super('myproperty'); } @Override public Object getProperty(String name) { if(name.equalsIgnoreCase('author-name')){ return 'john'; } return null; }}

然后通過@Value注解注入獲取author-name：

@Bean ApplicationRunner applicationRunner(Environment environment,@Value('${greeting.message:hello boy}') String message,@Value('${author-name}') String name){return args -> { log.info('from application.properties user.name : {}',environment.getProperty('user.name')); log.info('from application.properties author.name : {}',name);}; }總結

Spring的Environment抽象有很多值得學習的地方，期待下一期每日小技巧。

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