1、下單成功，30分鐘未支付。支付超時(shí)，自動(dòng)取消訂單

2、訂單簽收，簽收后7天未進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)，系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)好評(píng)

3、下單成功，商家5分鐘未接單，訂單取消

4、配送超時(shí)，推送短信提醒

......

對(duì)于延時(shí)比較長(zhǎng)的場(chǎng)景、實(shí)時(shí)性不高的場(chǎng)景，我們可以采用任務(wù)調(diào)度的方式定時(shí)輪詢處理。如：xxl-job

今天我們采用一種比較簡(jiǎn)單、輕量級(jí)的方式，使用 Redis 的延遲隊(duì)列來(lái)進(jìn)行處理。當(dāng)然有更好的解決方案，可根據(jù)公司的技術(shù)選型和業(yè)務(wù)體系選擇最優(yōu)方案。如：使用消息中間件Kafka、RabbitMQ 的延遲隊(duì)列

先不討論其實(shí)現(xiàn)原理，直接實(shí)戰(zhàn)上代碼先實(shí)現(xiàn)基于 Redis 的延遲隊(duì)列

1、引入 Redisson 依賴

<dependency> <groupId>org.redisson</groupId> <artifactId>redisson-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.10.5</version></dependency>

2、Nacos 配置 Redis 連接

spring: redis: host: 127.0.0.1 port: 6379 password: 123456 database: 12 timeout: 3000

3、創(chuàng)建 RedissonConfig 配置

/** * Created by LPB on 2020/04/20. */@Configurationpublic class RedissonConfig { @Value('${spring.redis.host}')private String host;@Value('${spring.redis.port}')private int port;@Value('${spring.redis.database}')private int database;@Value('${spring.redis.password}')private String password; @Beanpublic RedissonClient redissonClient() {Config config = new Config();config.useSingleServer().setAddress('redis://' + host + ':' + port).setDatabase(database).setPassword(password);return Redisson.create(config);} }

4、封裝 Redis 延遲隊(duì)列工具類

/** * redis延遲隊(duì)列工具 * Created by LPB on 2021/04/20. */@Slf4j@Componentpublic class RedisDelayQueueUtil { @Autowiredprivate RedissonClient redissonClient; /** * 添加延遲隊(duì)列 * @param value 隊(duì)列值 * @param delay 延遲時(shí)間 * @param timeUnit 時(shí)間單位 * @param queueCode 隊(duì)列鍵 * @param <T> */ public <T> void addDelayQueue(T value, long delay, TimeUnit timeUnit, String queueCode){try { RBlockingDeque<Object> blockingDeque = redissonClient.getBlockingDeque(queueCode); RDelayedQueue<Object> delayedQueue = redissonClient.getDelayedQueue(blockingDeque); delayedQueue.offer(value, delay, timeUnit);log.info('(添加延時(shí)隊(duì)列成功) 隊(duì)列鍵：{}，隊(duì)列值：{}，延遲時(shí)間：{}', queueCode, value, timeUnit.toSeconds(delay) + '秒');} catch (Exception e) { log.error('(添加延時(shí)隊(duì)列失敗) {}', e.getMessage()); throw new RuntimeException('(添加延時(shí)隊(duì)列失敗)');} } /** * 獲取延遲隊(duì)列 * @param queueCode * @param <T> * @return * @throws InterruptedException */ public <T> T getDelayQueue(String queueCode) throws InterruptedException {RBlockingDeque<Map> blockingDeque = redissonClient.getBlockingDeque(queueCode);T value = (T) blockingDeque.take();return value;}}

5、創(chuàng)建延遲隊(duì)列業(yè)務(wù)枚舉

/** * 延遲隊(duì)列業(yè)務(wù)枚舉 * Created by LPB on 2021/04/20. */@Getter@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic enum RedisDelayQueueEnum { ORDER_PAYMENT_TIMEOUT('ORDER_PAYMENT_TIMEOUT','訂單支付超時(shí)，自動(dòng)取消訂單', 'orderPaymentTimeout'),ORDER_TIMEOUT_NOT_EVALUATED('ORDER_TIMEOUT_NOT_EVALUATED', '訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)，系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)好評(píng)', 'orderTimeoutNotEvaluated'); /** * 延遲隊(duì)列 Redis Key */private String code; /** * 中文描述 */private String name; /** * 延遲隊(duì)列具體業(yè)務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)的 Bean * 可通過(guò) Spring 的上下文獲取 */private String beanId; }

6、定義延遲隊(duì)列執(zhí)行器

/** * 延遲隊(duì)列執(zhí)行器 * Created by LPB on 2021/04/20. */public interface RedisDelayQueueHandle<T> { void execute(T t); }

7、創(chuàng)建枚舉中定義的Bean，并實(shí)現(xiàn)延遲隊(duì)列執(zhí)行器 OrderPaymentTimeout：訂單支付超時(shí)延遲隊(duì)列處理類

/** * 訂單支付超時(shí)處理類 * Created by LPB on 2021/04/20. */@Component@Slf4jpublic class OrderPaymentTimeout implements RedisDelayQueueHandle<Map> {@Overridepublic void execute(Map map) {log.info('(收到訂單支付超時(shí)延遲消息) {}', map);// TODO 訂單支付超時(shí)，自動(dòng)取消訂單處理業(yè)務(wù)... }}

OrderTimeoutNotEvaluated：訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)延遲隊(duì)列處理類

/** * 訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)處理類 * Created by LPB on 2021/04/20. */@Component@Slf4jpublic class OrderTimeoutNotEvaluated implements RedisDelayQueueHandle<Map> {@Overridepublic void execute(Map map) {log.info('(收到訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)延遲消息) {}', map);// TODO 訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)，系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)好評(píng)處理業(yè)務(wù)... }}

8、創(chuàng)建延遲隊(duì)列消費(fèi)線程，項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)完成后開(kāi)啟

/** * 啟動(dòng)延遲隊(duì)列 * Created by LPB on 2021/04/20. */@Slf4j@Componentpublic class RedisDelayQueueRunner implements CommandLineRunner { @Autowiredprivate RedisDelayQueueUtil redisDelayQueueUtil; @Overridepublic void run(String... args) {new Thread(() -> {while (true){try {RedisDelayQueueEnum[] queueEnums = RedisDelayQueueEnum.values();for (RedisDelayQueueEnum queueEnum : queueEnums) {Object value = redisDelayQueueUtil.getDelayQueue(queueEnum.getCode());if (value != null) {RedisDelayQueueHandle redisDelayQueueHandle = SpringUtil.getBean(queueEnum.getBeanId());redisDelayQueueHandle.execute(value);}}} catch (InterruptedException e) {log.error('(Redis延遲隊(duì)列異常中斷) {}', e.getMessage());}}}).start();log.info('(Redis延遲隊(duì)列啟動(dòng)成功)');}}

以上步驟，Redis 延遲隊(duì)列核心代碼已經(jīng)完成，下面我們寫一個(gè)測(cè)試接口，用 PostMan 模擬測(cè)試一下

9、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測(cè)試接口，模擬添加延遲隊(duì)列

/** * 延遲隊(duì)列測(cè)試 * Created by LPB on 2020/04/20. */@RestControllerpublic class RedisDelayQueueController { @Autowiredprivate RedisDelayQueueUtil redisDelayQueueUtil; @PostMapping('/addQueue')public void addQueue() {Map<String, String> map1 = new HashMap<>();map1.put('orderId', '100');map1.put('remark', '訂單支付超時(shí)，自動(dòng)取消訂單'); Map<String, String> map2 = new HashMap<>();map2.put('orderId', '200');map2.put('remark', '訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)，系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)好評(píng)'); // 添加訂單支付超時(shí)，自動(dòng)取消訂單延遲隊(duì)列。為了測(cè)試效果，延遲10秒鐘redisDelayQueueUtil.addDelayQueue(map1, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS, RedisDelayQueueEnum.ORDER_PAYMENT_TIMEOUT.getCode()); // 訂單超時(shí)未評(píng)價(jià)，系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)好評(píng)。為了測(cè)試效果，延遲20秒鐘redisDelayQueueUtil.addDelayQueue(map2, 20, TimeUnit.SECONDS, RedisDelayQueueEnum.ORDER_TIMEOUT_NOT_EVALUATED.getCode());} }

10、啟動(dòng) SpringBoot 項(xiàng)目，用 PostMan 調(diào)用接口添加延遲隊(duì)列 通過(guò) Redis 客戶端可看到兩個(gè)延遲隊(duì)列已添加成功

查看 IDEA 控制臺(tái)日志可看到延遲隊(duì)列已消費(fèi)成功

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