Room

Room是Google為了簡(jiǎn)化舊版的SQLite操作專門提供的1.擁有了SQLite的所有操作功能2.使用簡(jiǎn)單（類似于Retrofit），通過(guò)注解的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)相關(guān)功能。編譯時(shí)自動(dòng)生成實(shí)現(xiàn)類impl3.LiveData，LifeCycle，Paging天然融合支持

導(dǎo)入

...plugins { id ’com.android.application’ id ’kotlin-android’ id ’kotlin-android-extensions’ id ’kotlin-kapt’}dependencies { //room數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) implementation 'androidx.room:room-runtime:2.2.5' kapt 'androidx.room:room-compiler:2.2.5' // Kotlin 使用 kapt implementation 'androidx.room:room-ktx:2.2.5'//Coroutines support for Room 協(xié)程操作庫(kù) //lifecycle implementation ’androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.2.0’ implementation ’androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.2.0’}

User

package com.zhangyu.myroom.dataimport android.os.Parcelableimport androidx.room.Entityimport androidx.room.PrimaryKeyimport kotlinx.android.parcel.Parcelize@Parcelize@Entity(tableName = 'User')data class User( @PrimaryKey var id: String, var name: String) : Parcelable

UserDao

package com.zhangyu.myroom.dataimport androidx.room.*@Daointerface UserDao { @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE) fun putUser(cacheBean: User) @Query('select * from User where id =:id') suspend fun getUser(id: String): User? @Query('select * from User') suspend fun getAllUser(): List<User>? @Delete fun delete(user: User) @Update(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE) fun update(user: User)}

UserDatabase

package com.zhangyu.myroom.dataimport android.util.Logimport androidx.room.Databaseimport androidx.room.Roomimport androidx.room.RoomDatabaseimport androidx.sqlite.db.SupportSQLiteDatabaseimport com.zhangyu.myroom.Appprivate const val TAG = 'CacheDataBase'//后續(xù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)升級(jí)是根據(jù)這個(gè)version來(lái)比較的，exportSchema導(dǎo)出架構(gòu)@Database(entities = [User::class], version = 1, exportSchema = false)abstract class UserDatabase : RoomDatabase() { companion object { var dataBase: UserDatabase init { //如果databaseBuilder改為inMemoryDatabaseBuilder則創(chuàng)建一個(gè)內(nèi)存數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)（進(jìn)程銷毀后，數(shù)據(jù)丟失） dataBase = Room.databaseBuilder(App.context, UserDatabase::class.java, 'db_user')//是否允許在主線程進(jìn)行查詢.allowMainThreadQueries()//數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建和打開后的回調(diào)，可以重寫其中的方法.addCallback(object : Callback() { override fun onCreate(db: SupportSQLiteDatabase) { super.onCreate(db) Log.d(TAG, 'onCreate: db_user') }})//數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)升級(jí)異常之后的回滾.fallbackToDestructiveMigration().build() } } abstract fun getUserDao(): UserDao}

MainActivity

package com.zhangyu.myroomimport android.os.Bundleimport android.util.Logimport androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivityimport androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScopeimport com.zhangyu.myroom.data.Userimport com.zhangyu.myroom.data.UserDatabaseimport kotlinx.coroutines.launchprivate const val TAG = 'MainActivity'class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_main) testCache() } private fun testCache() { val userDao = UserDatabase.dataBase.getUserDao() userDao.putUser(User('1001', 'zhangyu')) userDao.putUser(User('1002', 'liming')) lifecycleScope.launch { val users = userDao.getAllUser() Log.e(TAG, 'users: $users') val user = userDao.getUser('1001') Log.e(TAG, 'user: $user') Log.e(TAG, 'testCache: 協(xié)程執(zhí)行完畢') } Log.e(TAG, 'testCache: ') }}

結(jié)果

E/MainActivity: testCache: E/MainActivity: users: [User(id=1001, name=zhangyu), User(id=1002, name=liming)]E/MainActivity: user: User(id=1001, name=zhangyu)E/MainActivity: testCache: 協(xié)程執(zhí)行完畢

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