Java自帶日期格式化工具DateFormat ，但是DateFormat 的所有實(shí)現(xiàn)，包括 SimpleDateFormat 都不是線程安全的，因此你不應(yīng)該在多線程序中使用，除非是在對外線程安全的環(huán)境中使用，如 將 SimpleDateFormat 限制在 ThreadLocal 中。如果你不這么做，在解析或者格式化日期的時(shí)候，可能會獲取到一個不正確的結(jié)果。因此，從日期、時(shí)間處理的所有實(shí)踐來說，我強(qiáng)力推薦使用joda-time 庫。

<dependency> <groupId>joda-time</groupId> <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId> <version>2.10.5</version></dependency>編寫測試類

public class DateUtils { public static final long SECOND = 1000; // 1秒 java已毫秒為單位 public static final long MINUTE = SECOND * 60; // 一分鐘 public static final long HOUR = MINUTE * 60; // 一小時(shí) public static final long DAY = HOUR * 24; // 一天 public static final long WEEK = DAY * 7; // 一周 public static final long YEAR = DAY * 365; // 一年 public static final String FORMAT_TIME = 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'; // 默認(rèn)時(shí)間格式 public static final String FORMAT_TIME_MINUTE = 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm'; // 默認(rèn)時(shí)間格式 public static final String FORTER_DATE = 'yyyy-MM-dd'; // 默認(rèn)日期格式 private static final Map<Integer, String> WEEK_DAY = new HashMap<Integer, String>(); static { WEEK_DAY.put(7, '星期六'); WEEK_DAY.put(1, '星期天'); WEEK_DAY.put(2, '星期一'); WEEK_DAY.put(3, '星期二'); WEEK_DAY.put(4, '星期三'); WEEK_DAY.put(5, '星期四'); WEEK_DAY.put(6, '星期五'); } /** * 獲取當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)時(shí)間 * * @return yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss */ public static String getCurrentTime() { DateTime dt = new DateTime(); String time = dt.toString(FORMAT_TIME); return time; } /** * 獲取系統(tǒng)當(dāng)前時(shí)間按照指定格式返回 * * @param pattern * yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:a * @return */ public static String getCurrentTimePattern(String pattern) { DateTime dt = new DateTime(); String time = dt.toString(pattern); return time; } /** * 獲取當(dāng)前日期 * * @return */ public static String getCurrentDate() { DateTime dt = new DateTime(); String date = dt.toString(FORTER_DATE); return date; } /** * 獲取當(dāng)前日期按照指定格式 * * @param pattern * @return */ public static String getCurrentDatePattern(String pattern) { DateTime dt = new DateTime(); String date = dt.toString(pattern); return date; } /** * 按照時(shí)區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間 * * @param date * @param timeZone * 時(shí)區(qū) * @param parrten * @return */ @Nullable public static String format(Date date, TimeZone timeZone, String parrten) { if (date == null) { return null; } SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(parrten); sdf.setTimeZone(timeZone); return sdf.format(date); } /** * 獲取指定時(shí)間 * * @param year * 年 * @param month * 月 * @param day * 天 * @param hour * 小時(shí) * @param minute * 分鐘 * @param seconds * 秒 * @return yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss */ public static String getPointTime(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day, Integer hour, Integer minute, Integer seconds) { DateTime dt = new DateTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds); String date = dt.toString(FORMAT_TIME); return date; } /** * * @param year * 年 * @param month * 月 * @param day * 天 * @param hour * 小時(shí) * @param minute * 分鐘 * @param seconds * 秒 * @param parrten * 自定義格式 * @return parrten */ public static String getPointTimePattern(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day, Integer hour, Integer minute, Integer seconds, String parrten) { DateTime dt = new DateTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds); String date = dt.toString(parrten); return date; } /** * 獲取指定日期 * * @param year * @param month * @param day * @return */ public static String getPointDate(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day) { LocalDate dt = new LocalDate(year, month, day); String date = dt.toString(FORTER_DATE); return date; } /** * 獲取指定日期 返回指定格式 * * @param year * @param month * @param day * @param parrten * @return */ public static String getPointDatParrten(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day, String parrten) { LocalDate dt = new LocalDate(year, month, day); String date = dt.toString(parrten); return date; } /** * 獲取當(dāng)前是一周星期幾 * * @return */ public static String getWeek() { DateTime dts = new DateTime(); String week = null; switch (dts.getDayOfWeek()) { case DateTimeConstants.SUNDAY: week = '星期日'; break; case DateTimeConstants.MONDAY: week = '星期一'; break; case DateTimeConstants.TUESDAY: week = '星期二'; break; case DateTimeConstants.WEDNESDAY: week = '星期三'; break; case DateTimeConstants.THURSDAY: week = '星期四'; break; case DateTimeConstants.FRIDAY: week = '星期五'; break; case DateTimeConstants.SATURDAY: week = '星期六'; default: break; } return week; } /** * 獲取指定時(shí)間是一周的星期幾 * * @param year * @param month * @param day * @return */ public static String getWeekPoint(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day) { LocalDate dts = new LocalDate(year, month, day); String week = null; switch (dts.getDayOfWeek()) { case DateTimeConstants.SUNDAY: week = '星期日'; break; case DateTimeConstants.MONDAY: week = '星期一'; break; case DateTimeConstants.TUESDAY: week = '星期二'; break; case DateTimeConstants.WEDNESDAY: week = '星期三'; break; case DateTimeConstants.THURSDAY: week = '星期四'; break; case DateTimeConstants.FRIDAY: week = '星期五'; break; case DateTimeConstants.SATURDAY: week = '星期六'; break; default: break; } return week; } /** * 格式化日期 * * @param date * @return yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss */ @Nullable public static String format(Date date) { if (date == null) { return null; } SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(FORMAT_TIME); return format.format(date); } /** * 格式化日期字符串 * * @param date * 日期 * @param pattern * 日期格式 * @return */ @Nullable public static String format(Date date, String pattern) { if (date == null) { return null; } SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern); return format.format(date); } /** * 解析日期 * * @param date * 日期字符串 * @param pattern * 日期格式 * @return */ @Nullable public static Date parse(String date, String pattern) { if (date == null) { return null; } Date resultDate = null; try { resultDate = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern).parse(date); } catch (ParseException e) { } return resultDate; } /** * 解析日期yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss * * @param date * 日期字符串 * @return */ @Nullable public static Date parse(String date) { if (date == null) { return null; } try { return new SimpleDateFormat(FORMAT_TIME).parse(date); } catch (ParseException e) { return null; } } /** * 解析日期 yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss * * @param timestamp * @return */ public static String format(Long timestamp, String pattern) { String dateStr = ''; if (null == timestamp || timestamp.longValue() < 0) { return dateStr; } try { Date date = new Date(timestamp); SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern); dateStr = format.format(date); } catch (Exception e) { // ignore } return dateStr; } /** * 解析日期 yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss * * @param timestamp * @return */ public static String format(Long timestamp) { String dateStr = ''; if (null == timestamp || timestamp.longValue() < 0) { return dateStr; } try { Date date = new Date(timestamp); SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(FORMAT_TIME); dateStr = format.format(date); } catch (Exception e) { // ignore } return dateStr; } /** * 獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間前幾天時(shí)間,按指定格式返回 * * @param days * @return */ public static String forwardDay(Integer days, String format) { DateTime dt = new DateTime(); DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days); return y.toString(format); } /** * 獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間前幾天時(shí)間 * * @param days * @return */ public static Date forwardDay(Integer days) { DateTime dt = new DateTime(); DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days); return y.toDate(); } /** * 獲取指定時(shí)間之后或者之前的某一天00:00:00 默認(rèn)返回當(dāng)天 * * @param days * @return */ public static Date day00(Integer days, String date, String zimeZone) throws Throwable { DateTime dt; TimeZone timeZone; try { if (isBlank(zimeZone)) {timeZone = TimeZone.getDefault(); } else {timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone(zimeZone); } if (isBlank(date)) {dt = new DateTime().withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime(); } else {dt = new DateTime(date).withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime(); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new Throwable(e); } DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days).withHourOfDay(0).withMinuteOfHour(0).withSecondOfMinute(0); return y.toDate(); } /** * 獲取指定時(shí)間之后或者之前的某一天23:59:59 默認(rèn)返回當(dāng)天 * * @param days * 偏移量 * @return */ public static Date day59(Integer days, String date, String zimeZone) throws Throwable { DateTime dt; TimeZone timeZone; try { if (isBlank(zimeZone)) {timeZone = TimeZone.getDefault(); } else {timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone(zimeZone); } if (isBlank(date)) {dt = new DateTime().withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime(); } else {dt = new DateTime(date).withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime(); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new Throwable(e); } DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days).withHourOfDay(23).withMinuteOfHour(59).withSecondOfMinute(59); return y.toDate(); } /** * 計(jì)算兩個時(shí)間相差多少天 * * @param startDate * @param endDate * @return */ @Nullable public static Integer diffDay(Date startDate, Date endDate) { if (startDate == null || endDate == null) { return null; } DateTime dt1 = new DateTime(startDate); DateTime dt2 = new DateTime(endDate); int day = Days.daysBetween(dt1, dt2).getDays(); return Math.abs(day); } /** * 獲取某月之前,之后某一個月最后一天,24:59:59 * * @return */ public static Date lastDay(Date date, Integer month) { DateTime dt1; if (month == null) { month = 0; } if (date == null) { dt1 = new DateTime().minusMonths(month); } else { dt1 = new DateTime(date).minusMonths(month); } DateTime lastDay = dt1.dayOfMonth().withMaximumValue().withHourOfDay(23).withMinuteOfHour(59).withSecondOfMinute(59); return lastDay.toDate(); } /** * 獲取某月月之前,之后某一個月第一天,00:00:00 * * @return */ public static Date firstDay(Date date, Integer month) { DateTime dt1; if (month == null) { month = 0; } if (date == null) { dt1 = new DateTime().minusMonths(month); } else { dt1 = new DateTime(date).minusMonths(month); } DateTime lastDay = dt1.dayOfMonth().withMinimumValue().withHourOfDay(0).withMinuteOfHour(0).withSecondOfMinute(0); return lastDay.toDate(); } public static Date addDay(Date date, int offset) { DateTime dt1; if (date == null) { dt1 = new DateTime().plusDays(offset); return dt1.toDate(); } dt1 = new DateTime(date).plusDays(offset); return dt1.toDate(); } /** * 傳入日期時(shí)間與當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)日期時(shí)間的比較, 若日期相同，則根據(jù)時(shí)分秒來返回 , 否則返回具體日期 * * @return 日期或者 xx小時(shí)前||xx分鐘前||xx秒前 */ @Nullable public static String getNewUpdateDateString(Date now, Date createDate) { if (now == null || createDate == null) { return null; } Long time = (now.getTime() - createDate.getTime()); if (time > (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)) { return time / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) + '天前'; } else if (time > (60 * 60 * 1000)) { return time / (60 * 60 * 1000) + '小時(shí)前'; } else if (time > (60 * 1000)) { return time / (60 * 1000) + '分鐘前'; } else if (time >= 1000) { return time / 1000 + '秒前'; } return '剛剛'; } /** * * @Title: isBlank * @Description: TODO(判斷字符串是否為空或長度為0 或由空格組成) * @param @param str * @param @return 設(shè)定文件 * @return boolean 返回類型 * @throws */ public static boolean isBlank(String str) { return (str == null || str.trim().length() == 0); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable { System.out.println(lastDay(new Date(),2)); System.out.println(firstDay(null,0)); TimeZone zone1=TimeZone.getTimeZone('GMT+8'); TimeZone zone2=TimeZone.getTimeZone('GMT-5'); System.out.println(format(new Date(),zone1,FORMAT_TIME)); System.out.println(format(new Date(),zone2,FORMAT_TIME)); System.out.println(format(day00(0,'2017-5-11','GMT+0'))); System.out.println(format(day00(0,'2017-5-11','GMT+8'))); System.out.println(format(day00(0,'2017-5-11','GMT-8'))); Date date1 =parse('2017-05-11 17:53:52'); System.out.println(diffDay(date1,new Date())); DateTime dateTime = new DateTime().withDayOfWeek(1); DateTime dateTime1 = new DateTime().withDayOfWeek(7).withTime(0, 0, 0, 0); System.out.println(format(dateTime.toDate())); System.out.println(format(dateTime1.toDate())); System.out.println(format(new Date(), 'MM/dd')); }}優(yōu)點(diǎn)

1. 易于使用:Calendar讓獲取'正常的'的日期變得很困難，使它沒辦法提供簡單的方法，而Joda-Time能夠 直接進(jìn)行訪問域并且索引值1就是代表January。2. 易于擴(kuò)展：JDK支持多日歷系統(tǒng)是通過Calendar的子類來實(shí)現(xiàn)，這樣就顯示的非常笨重而且事實(shí) 上要實(shí)現(xiàn)其它日歷系統(tǒng)是很困難的。Joda-Time支持多日歷系統(tǒng)是通過基于Chronology類的插件體系來實(shí)現(xiàn)。

3. 提供一組完整的功能：它打算提供 所有關(guān)系到date-time計(jì)算的功能．Joda-Time當(dāng)前支持8種日歷系統(tǒng)，而且在將來還會繼續(xù)添加，有著比JDK Calendar更好的整體性能等等。

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